Background and career
Andrew Murray Burnham (born 7 January 1970) is a British politician who has served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and Leader of the Labour Party since July 2026. He has been the member of Parliament (MP) for Makerfield in Greater Manchester since June 2026 and was Mayor of Greater Manchester from 2017 to 2026; before that, he was the MP for Leigh from 2001 to 2017 and held several Cabinet positions. Burnham identifies as a socialist and is associated with the Labour Party's soft left; he is also a member of the Co-operative Party, which is allied with Labour. His political ideology has been called "Manchesterism".
Burnham was born and brought up in northern England. He joined Labour at the age of 15 and read English at Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge. He worked as a journalist and political adviser before being elected the MP for Leigh in 2001. Under the prime ministers Tony Blair and Gordon Brown, Burnham was Chief Secretary to the Treasury and Culture Secretary, in which capacity he launched the Hillsborough Independent Panel. In 2009, as Health Secretary, he responded to the swine flu pandemic and launched an independent inquiry into the Stafford Hospital scandal.
Following Labour's defeat at the 2010 general election, Burnham served in the shadow cabinet from 2010 to 2016. He stood for the Labour leadership in 2010 and in 2015, coming fourth and second, respectively. In 2017, he stood down as an MP and was elected Mayor of Greater Manchester. He integrated Greater Manchester's tram and bus networks under the Bee Network and received the nickname "King of the North" for campaigning for more furlough funding for northern communities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Burnham's tenure as mayor increased his national profile and he was re-elected in 2021 and in 2024.
Following Labour's return to government in 2024, Burnham maintained comparatively high approval ratings while those of the prime minister, Keir Starmer, declined, and came to be seen as a potential successor. He returned to Parliament in 2026 by winning the Makerfield by-election and resigned as mayor. Starmer announced his resignation, leading to a party leadership election in which Burnham won unopposed. During his premiership, Burnham has announced policies to move some government administration out of London as Number 10 North, cut fares on buses in England, reduce business rates on pubs, increase government support for apprenticeships and continue support for Ukraine.
Andrew Murray Burnham was born on 7 January 1970 in Aintree, Lancashire, a suburb of Liverpool, and was brought up in Culcheth. His father, Kenneth Roy Burnham (1940–2026), was a telephone engineer, and his mother, Eileen Mary Burnham (née Murray), was a GP receptionist. Burnham's father was a Protestant while his mother is a Catholic of Irish-Scots descent, born and raised in Scotland. His great-grandfather was from Drogheda and emigrated to Liverpool in the 19th century.
Burnham was raised Catholic and served as an altar boy at his local church. He later described himself as "Catholic by upbringing" but "not particularly religious". He said: "Catholic social teaching underpins my politics. We did have to read the catechism at school but it is powerful and strong and right." He was educated at St Lewis Catholic Primary School and St Aelred's Roman Catholic High School in Newton-le-Willows; there he earned the nickname "Seven Eights", because of his "inability to remember that seven eights are 56" when reciting his times tables. He joined the Labour Party when he was 15.
Burnham read English as an undergraduate at Fitzwilliam College of the University of Cambridge, receiving a Bachelor of Arts (BA) in 1991 with upper second-class honours. By Cambridge tradition, his BA was later converted to a Master of Arts (MA Cantab) degree.
After university, Burnham moved to London. From 1991 to 1994, he was a journalist for the private company Baltic Publishing, writing for its trade magazine Tank Container World (later Bulk Distributor), a magazine covering tanker and intermodal transportation. From 1994 until the 1997 general election, he was a researcher for Tessa Jowell. He joined the Transport and General Workers' Union in 1995. Following the 1997 election, he was a parliamentary officer for the NHS Confederation from August to December 1997, before taking up the post as an administrator with the Football Task Force for a year. In 1998, he became a special adviser to the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport, Chris Smith, a position he held until he was elected to the House of Commons in the 2001 general election.
Following the retirement of Lawrence Cunliffe, Burnham was selected as the parliamentary candidate for Leigh in Greater Manchester, then a Labour safe seat. At the 2001 election, he was elected with a majority of 16,362 and gave his maiden speech in the House of Commons on 4 July 2001. Following his election to Parliament, Burnham was a member of the Health Select Committee from 2001 until 2003, when he was appointed Parliamentary private secretary (PPS) to the Home Secretary David Blunkett. Following Blunkett's first resignation in 2004, he became PPS to the education secretary Ruth Kelly. As well as Labour, Burnham is a member of the Co-operative Party, which has been allied to Labour since 1927 and runs all candidates jointly with it.
Following the 2005 general election, Burnham was promoted to serve in Tony Blair's government as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for the Home Office, where he was responsible for implementing the Identity Cards Act 2006. In the government reshuffle on 5 May 2006, he left the Home Office to become Minister of State for Delivery and Reform at the Department of Health.
When Gordon Brown formed his first cabinet on 28 June 2007, Burnham was appointed Chief Secretary to the Treasury, a position he held until 2008. During his tenure at the Treasury, he helped draft the 2007 Comprehensive Spending Review.
2008–2009: Culture Secretary and the Hillsborough campaign
In a January 2008 reshuffle, Burnham was promoted to Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport, replacing James Purnell. In June 2008, he issued an apology to Shami Chakrabarti, the director of the human rights pressure group Liberty, after she threatened to sue him for libel over comments that she considered defamatory in an article Burnham wrote for Progress magazine.
Later that year, Burnham announced government plans to tighten controls on internet content to rectify what he described as an imbalance with television regulations. This announcement was followed by an address to the music industry lobbying group, UK Music, where he called for "a partnership between Government and the music business as a whole: one with rewards for both of us; one with rewards for society as a whole." He added, "My job – Government's job – is to preserve the value in the system."
In April 2009, after being heckled by the crowd at the 20th anniversary memorial of the Hillsborough disaster, Burnham raised the issue at the next day's cabinet meeting in Downing Street. He requested permission from Gordon Brown to raise the disaster in Parliament, and Brown agreed. This intervention ultimately led to the establishment of the second Hillsborough inquiry. By 2014, when Burnham spoke at the 25th anniversary of the disaster, he was cheered and applauded by the crowd.
On 27 April 2016, the day after the Hillsborough inquest verdict that found the 96 Hillsborough deaths had occurred as a result of unlawful killing, Burnham made a speech to the House of Commons calling for those responsible to be held to account. Condemning South Yorkshire Police, which had instigated a cover-up in the aftermath of the tragedy, he described the force as being "rotten to the core" while suggesting that the cover-up had been "advanced in the committee rooms of this House and in the press rooms of 10 Downing Street". The eleven-minute statement drew applause from MPs, a response that is generally against convention at Westminster.
In July 2026, the campaign reached a legislative milestone when the House of Commons passed the Public Office (Accountability) Bill, widely known as the Hillsborough Law. Advanced by the outgoing Keir Starmer government, the bill would establish a statutory duty of candour for public officials and provide non-means-tested legal aid for families facing the state at inquests. Burnham hailed the Bill's passage as a fundamental "rewiring of the state" that would address institutional failures; the Commons vote came days before he took office as prime minister.
2009–2010: Health Secretary and the Stafford Hospital inquiry
In June 2009, Burnham was promoted to Secretary of State for Health, a post he held until the Labour government resigned following the 2010 general election. In July 2009, just a month after taking office, he launched an independent inquiry chaired by Robert Francis QC into unusually high mortality rates at Stafford Hospital (later renamed County Hospital). The inquiry uncovered systematic failures and heavily criticised the care provided by the Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust. A subsequent, wider public inquiry—also led by Francis—was launched in 2010 by Burnham's Conservative successor, Andrew Lansley. While this wider inquiry confirmed serious failings, it concluded that linking those failings to a specific number of deaths would be "misleading".
After leaving office, reports emerged claiming that Burnham and his predecessor as Health Secretary, Alan Johnson, had rejected 81 separate requests for a public inquiry into the Stafford Hospital deaths. Burnham also faced criticism for not visiting the hospital or meeting with the affected families during his tenure. The Daily Telegraph reported that up to 2,800 more deaths than expected had occurred across 14 NHS trusts highlighted for high mortality rates since initial concerns were raised in 2005. However, these figures were later discredited. The Keogh Review, led by Bruce Keogh into the 14 trusts, subsequently described the use of such statistical mortality measures as "clinically meaningless and academically reckless."
As Health Secretary, Burnham proposed a National Care Service (NCS), aiming to introduce a publicly funded social care system free at the point of use, modelled on the National Health Service. In July 2009, the Department of Health published its green paper, Shaping the Future of Care Together, which proposed an NCS "on par with the NHS." This was followed in September by a public consultation dubbed the "Big Care Debate", which Gordon Brown promoted as a "crucial national debate".
Following the consultation, the government proposed introducing the National Care Service in phases. The first stage began with the Personal Care at Home Act 2010, passed in April 2010. Burnham had announced the proposed NCS a month earlier, with plans to expand access to free social care in stages. The second stage, scheduled for 2014, was designed to extend free social care to individuals in residential care for more than two years, with a third and final stage fully introducing free social care for all adults after 2015. However, following Labour's defeat in the 2010 general election, the Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition led by David Cameron and Nick Clegg scrapped the initiative, and the Personal Care at Home Act 2010 was subsequently repealed.
In May 2010, Burnham became Shadow Secretary of State for Health in the Miliband shadow cabinet. In October 2010, Burnham was appointed Shadow Secretary of State for Education and election co-ordinator for the Labour Party. As shadow education secretary, Burnham opposed the coalition government's plans for "free schools". He argued for moving the education system back towards a comprehensive system. A year later, he was again appointed to the role of Shadow Secretary of State for Health, which he held until 2015.
In September 2015, Burnham accepted an appointment as shadow home secretary in the first Corbyn shadow cabinet and remained in the role after the 2016 reshuffle. Burnham opposed the Prevent counter-terrorism strategy. Appearing in 2016 alongside the anti-Prevent organisation MEND, Burnham said: "The Prevent duty to report extremist behaviour is today's equivalent of internment in Northern Ireland."

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