Background and career
"Öküz" Damat Mehmed Pasha ("Mehmed Pasha the Ox"), also known as Kara Mehmed Pasha ("the Black") or "Kul Kıran" Mehmed Pasha ("the Slave-breaker"), was an Ottoman Turkish statesman, administrator, and military figure of the early 17th century. He served as Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire twice: October 17, 1614 – November 17, 1616 (during the reign of Sultan Ahmed I), and January 18, 1619 – December 23, 1619 (during the reign of Osman II). He also served as the Ottoman governor of Egypt from 1607 to 1611.
Mehmed's nickname, "Kul Kıran" (slave-breaker), came from his success in crushing the mutiny in Egypt during the early 1600s. Soldiers were often known as kul, meaning slave.
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