Background and career
Lillian Masediba Matabane Ngoyi, "Ma Ngoyi", OMSG (25 September 1911 – 13 March 1980) was a South African anti-apartheid activist. She was the first woman elected to the executive committee of the African National Congress, and helped launch the Federation of South African Women.
Prior to becoming a machinist at a textile mill, where she was employed from 1945 to 1956, Ngoyi enrolled to become a nurse. Lillian Ngoyi started formal resistance in Pretoria at age 41 as a foot soldier in the 1952 Defiance Campaign, which was developed by the ANC and South African Indian Congress (SAIC), and the leaders of the multi-racial coalition known as the Congress Alliance. The Defiance Campaign was launched in 6 April, during the three hundred year anniversary of the Initial Dutch settlement.

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