Background and career
Nikolay Nikolayevich Semyonov , sometimes Semenov, Semionov or Semenoff (Russian: Никола́й Никола́евич Семёнов; 15 April [O.S. 3 April] 1896 – 25 September 1986) was a Soviet physicist and chemist. Semyonov was awarded the 1956 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on the mechanism of chemical transformation. He made a significant contribution to the development of chemical kinetics.
He was the first Soviet Nobel prize winner and the only Soviet Nobel laureate in Chemistry (1956). Semenov was an academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union (1932, corresponding member since 1929). He had been awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labour twice (1966 and 1976).

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