Background and career
Sabino Policarpo Arana Goiri, also known by the Basque version of his name, Sabin Polikarpo Arana Goiri, or by his self-styled name Arana ta Goiri'taŕ Sabin (26 January 1865 – 25 November 1903), was a Basque writer and the founder of the Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ). Considered the father of Basque nationalism, he promoted and helped standardize the Basque language, creating a distinct Basque orthography that later served as a basis for Standard Basque, and coined many neologisms to enhance the language's prestige and resilience against Castilian and French language influences.
However, Arana's legacy is controversial due to his advocacy of sexist and racist ideas, some of which have been described as proto-fascist, drawing criticism from both supporters and critics of Basque nationalism.
Born in Abando, Biscay, Spain He died in Sukarrieta at the age of 38 after falling ill with Addison's disease during time spent in prison. He had been charged with treason for attempting to send a telegram to President Theodore Roosevelt, in which he praised the United States for helping Cuba gain independence from Spain.
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